Account Takeover

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Authorization Issue

The email of an account should be attempted to be changed, and the confirmation process must be examined. If found to be weak, the email should be changed to that of the intended victim and then confirmed.

Unicode Normalization Issue

1. The account of the intended victim victim@gmail.com
2. An account should be created using Unicode
   for example: vićtim@gmail.com

For further details, refer to the document on Unicode Normalization:

unicode-normalization.md

Reusing Reset Token

Should the target system allow the reset link to be reused, efforts should be made to find more reset links using tools such as gau, wayback, or scan.io.

Pre Account Takeover

1. The victim's email should be used to sign up on the platform, and a password should be set (an attempt to confirm it should be made, although lacking access to the victim's emails might render this impossible).
2. One should wait until the victim signs up using OAuth and confirms the account.
3. It is hoped that the regular signup will be confirmed, allowing access to the victim's account.

CORS Misconfiguration to Account Takeover

If the page contains CORS missconfigurations you might be able to steal sensitive information from the user to takeover his account or make him change auth information for the same purpose:

Csrf to Account Takeover

If the page is vulnerable to CSRF you might be able to make the user modify his password, email or authentication so you can then access it:

XSS to Account Takeover

If you find a XSS in application you might be able to stal cookies, local storage, or info from the web page that could allow you takeover the account:

Same Origin + Cookies

If you find a limited XSS or a subdomain take over, you could play with the cookies (fixating them for example) to try to compromise the victim account:

Attacking Password Reset Mechanism

Response Manipulation

If the authentication response could be reduced to a simple boolean just try to change false to true and see if you get any access.

OAuth to Account takeover

Host Header Injection

1. The Host header is modified following a password reset request initiation.
2. The X-Forwarded-For proxy header is altered to attacker.com.
3. The Host, Referrer, and Origin headers are simultaneously changed to attacker.com.
4. After initiating a password reset and then opting to resend the mail, all three of the aforementioned methods are employed.

Response Manipulation

1. Code Manipulation: The status code is altered to 200 OK.
2. Code and Body Manipulation:
   • The status code is changed to 200 OK.
   • The response body is modified to {"success":true} or an empty object {}.

These manipulation techniques are effective in scenarios where JSON is utilized for data transmission and receipt.

Change email of current session

From this report:

• Attacker requests to change his email with a new one
• Attacker receives a link to confirm the change of the email
• Attacker send the victim the link so he clicks it
• The victims email is changed to the one indicated by the attacker
• The attack can recover the password and take over the account

This also happened in this report.

References

• https://infosecwriteups.com/firing-8-account-takeover-methods-77e892099050
• https://dynnyd20.medium.com/one-click-account-take-over-e500929656ea

Learn AWS hacking from zero to hero with htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)!

Other ways to support HackTricks:

• If you want to see your company advertised in HackTricks or download HackTricks in PDF Check the SUBSCRIPTION PLANS!
• Get the official PEASS & HackTricks swag
• Discover The PEASS Family, our collection of exclusive NFTs
• Join the 💬 Discord group or the telegram group or follow us on Twitter 🐦 @carlospolopm.
• Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the HackTricks and HackTricks Cloud github repos.